The half of Earth facing the Sun has daytime; the other half has night.
Because Earth spins West to East, the Sun appears to rise in the East and set in the West.
Longest day in the Northern Hemisphere.
Shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere.
21 March & 23 September — day and night about 12 hours each.
A total eclipse fully blocks the Sun in a small area; a partial one blocks only part of it over a wider area.
Never look directly at the Sun, even with sunglasses — use proper eclipse-viewing methods.
The Moon blocks the Sun, visible from a small area — not safe to view directly.
Earth's shadow falls on the Moon, visible from a large part of Earth's night side — completely safe to watch.
Earth spinning on its own axis (~24 hours).
The imaginary line through the poles.
Earth's motion around the Sun (~365¼ days).
The path followed while revolving.
Day of longest or shortest daylight.
Day when daytime and night are equal.
Moon blocks sunlight from reaching Earth.
Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.